6 Records of Alleged Abusive or Improper Conduct in January 2023

Examples of abuses or other behaviors indicating need for reform at U.S. border and migration institutions (RSS feed)

Late January, 2023

Reporting on February 2, 2023, the Nogales-based Kino Border Initiative (KBI) recounted a case of family separation in Border Patrol custody.

Emelia [name changed to protect privacy] was traveling with her 6 year old granddaughter who suffers from epilepsy and needs to be reunited with her mother who lives in the US. Although Emelia had a notarized letter giving her permission to travel with her granddaughter as well as her medical diagnosis, BP [Border Patrol] separated her from her granddaughter, who wears a diaper and doesn’t verbally communicate due to her disability.

— “Early February Update on Asylum, Border, and Deportations from KBI” (Nogales: Kino Border Initiative, February 2, 2023).

Sector(s): Tucson

Agency(ies): Border Patrol

Event Type(s): Family Separation

Last Known Accountability Status: Unknown

Victim Classification: Disability, Family Unit

Reporting on February 2, 2023, the Nogales-based Kino Border Initiative (KBI), which maintains a migrant shelter in Nogales, Sonora, stated, “Over the past 2 weeks, 5 people reported being expelled or deported between 10 pm and 5 am, most of whom had to sleep on the street.”

— “Early February Update on Asylum, Border, and Deportations from KBI” (Nogales: Kino Border Initiative, February 2, 2023).

Sector(s): Tucson

Agency(ies): Border Patrol

Event Type(s): Dangerous Deportation

Last Known Accountability Status: Unknown

Victim Classification:

January 15, 2023

A Texas National Guardsman assigned to the Texas state government’s “Operation Lone Star” border mission, Spc. Angel Gallegos, shot and wounded a migrant under still-unclear circumstances near McAllen. Military Times and the Texas Tribune reported:

The shooting took place around 4:20 a.m. Sunday, after two Guardsmen joined Border Patrol agents and a trained dog who tracked a group of migrants to an abandoned house. The soldiers entered the building where three of the four migrants surrendered, the report [an internal Texas Military Department document that the news outlets obtained] said.

According to the document, the fourth migrant tried to flee through a window and resisted when one of the soldiers tried to apprehend him. The migrant wrestled the service member to the ground, striking him with his fists and elbows, the document said. During the struggle, the Guard member drew his M17 pistol and shot the migrant in the left shoulder at close range as the migrant was falling on top of the soldier. The soldier fired once, the document said.

Though it is exceedingly rare for a soldier to fire on a civilian on U.S. soil, Texas state authorities were being opaque about what happened, the Associated Press reported nine days after the incident. The AP added, “Rod Kise, a Border Patrol spokesman, said the ‘shots fired’ incident was under review by Customs and Border Protection’s Office of Professional Responsibility.”

In July 2023, Military Times reported that the Texas Rangers, an investigative arm of Texas’s state Department of Public Safety, declined to bring civilian criminal charges against the Guardsman. “The Texas Military Department, which oversees Guard members on the mission, did not respond to questions about military discipline for Gallegos.”

It was a very rare case of a soldier or guardsman using deadly force against a civilian on U.S. soil. Spc. Gallegos claimed that his handgun went off accidentally during a scuffle with the migrant; the migrant, Ricardo Rodriguez Nieto, claimed that Gallegos shot him from across a room.

— Winkie, Davis, and James Barragan. “Migrant Shot and Injured by National Guard Soldier Patrolling Border.” Military Times, The Texas Tribune, January 19, 2023. <https://www.texastribune.org/2023/01/19/national-guard-migrant-shot-border/>.

— Weber, Paul J. “Texas Silent after Guard Member Shoots Migrant on Border.” Associated Press, January 24, 2023. <https://apnews.com/article/politics-texas-mexico-6f97a21533a0e4c85474a12c31fab97c>.

— Winkie, Davis. “Texas Guardsman Won’t Face Civilian Charges for Migrant Shooting.” Army Times, July 7, 2023. https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2023/07/07/texas-guardsman-wont-face-civilian-charges-for-migrant-shooting/.

Sector(s): Rio Grande Valley

Agency(ies):

Event Type(s): Use of Force

Last Known Accountability Status: Under OPR Investigation

Victim Classification: Single Adult

January 13, 2023

A male citizen of Mexico died on January 13 in the back of a Border Patrol vehicle that was transporting him, handcuffed, from a remote Arizona location to a hospital.

A long narrative that CBP published on February 27 relates that the man was taken first from the field to a Border Patrol operating base, then to the Border Patrol’s Ajo Station in Why, Arizona, then to the Abrazo Buckeye Emergency Medical Center in Buckeye, Arizona. (Original link) It was during the last leg of the trip that the man passed away. “Upon arrival at the ambulance entrance, one of the agents attempted to wake the man to no avail.”

The CBP release narrates that the deceased man at one point “began to kick the interior of the USBP vehicle,” and later was “acting in a combative and agitated manner while sitting in the back seat.” He had “sustained an injury to his left ankle while attempting to elude apprehension,” and agents “suspected the man’s behavior may be related to the ingestion of drugs.”

“The Maricopa County Medical Examiner’s Office performed an autopsy on January 15, 2023,” the release reads. “The final cause and manner of death are pending further investigation including toxicology testing.”

The Arizona Daily Star appeared to have identified the deceased man:

One pending autopsy case at the Maricopa County Medical Examiner’s Office says a man named Martin Peraza-Perez, 34, was in Border Patrol custody the day he died on Jan. 13.

A man with that same name and age was convicted of unauthorized re-entry into the country on or around July 25, 2022. He had been previously removed from the country three times and had also been convicted in Maricopa County Superior Court on a 2013 felony of marijuana transport and/or sale, according to a complaint in the case.

CBP’s Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) is investigating the incident, and the DHS Office of Inspector-General was notified. “Additionally, CBP’s Office of the Chief Medical Officer and an independent clinician will be conducting a mortality review of this incident.”

— U.S. Customs and Border Protection. “Man Apprehended in Remote Arizona Location Pronounced Deceased,” February 27, 2023. <https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/speeches-and-statements/man-apprehended-remote-arizona-location-pronounced-deceased>.

— Khmara, Danyelle. “Migrant Dies in Border Patrol Custody in Southern Arizona.” Arizona Daily Star. March 1, 2023. <https://tucson.com/news/local/border/migrant-dies-in-border-patrol-custody-in-southern-arizona/article_1dcb3a1c-b864-11ed-8bba-e30f6a8b3078.html>.

Sector(s): Tucson

Agency(ies): Border Patrol

Event Type(s): Conditions of Arrest or Apprehension

Last Known Accountability Status: Shared with DHS OIG, Under OPR Investigation

Victim Classification: Mexico, Single Adult

January 8, 2023

A series of tweets from the Sunland Park, New Mexico Fire Department reported a late-night single-vehicle rollover crash on the Pete Domenici Highway (New Mexico Highway 136)(original link). It reported two fatalities, and eight injuries, all male, among those aboard the vehicle.

The crash was the result of a Border Patrol pursuit, the Deming, New Mexico Headlight reported:

The Border Patrol confirmed in a statement that its agents initiated a traffic stop shortly before the crash on suspicion it was involved in human trafficking. The agency said the driver lost control of the vehicle “within seconds.”

The suspected smuggling is under investigation by Homeland Security Investigations while the accident is investigated by the Doña Ana County Sheriff’s Office. The pursuit itself, meanwhile, is under review by the Office of Professional Responsibility.

— SunlandParkFire [@SunlandParkFire]. “At around 11 PM, Fire/EMS Crews Responded to a Single Vehicle Rollover near MM 6 on Pete Domenici Hwy. 8 Male Patients and 2 Male Fatalities. 2 Patients Taken by Air Ambulance to University Medical Center, 6 Transported by Ground to Other Local Hospitals. 2 Patients Critical. Https://T.Co/Cr7fyS9bcT.” Tweet. Twitter, January 9, 2023. <https://twitter.com/SunlandParkFire/status/1612386320919281666>.

— Garcia, Justin. “Two Dead, Eight Injured in Sunland Park Crash.” Las Cruces Sun-News. January 9, 2023. <https://www.lcsun-news.com/story/news/crime/2023/01/09/two-dead-eight-injured-sunland-park-crash/69792007007/>.

— D’Ammassa, Algernon. “Recent Border Patrol Pursuits Turn Deadly in Southern New Mexico.” Deming Headlight. January 11, 2023. <https://www.demingheadlight.com/2023/01/11/recent-border-patrol-pursuits-turn-deadly-southern-new-mexico/>.

Sector(s): El Paso

Agency(ies): Border Patrol

Event Type(s): Vehicle Pursuit

Last Known Accountability Status: Under ICE-HSI Investigation, Under Local Police investigation, Under OPR Investigation

Victim Classification: Single Adult

January 7, 2023

CBS News shared strong surveillance video footage taken outside an El Paso homeless shelter, showing a Border Patrol agent grabbing a migrant and slamming him to the ground. “The 38-second video, which depicts onlookers observing the incident, does not show what led up to the apprehension or subsequent events.” A CBP statement cited by CBS reported that the agency’s Office of Professional Responsibility is “reviewing the incident.”

The incident happened in the context of a large-scale arrival of migrants to El Paso, some of whom had not turned themselves in to U.S. authorities. Border Patrol agents captured vanloads of migrants during nighttime operations in and near downtown El Paso on January 3 and 4, El Paso Matters reported; NBC News shared video of Border Patrol agents’ sweeps. “You saw the damage afterward. People were crying because they separated families. It was a hard hit. It was emotional. It impacted people,” said a Colombian migrant.

— Montoya-Galvez, Camilo. “Video Shows Migrant Being Slammed to Ground during El Paso Arrest.” CBS News, January 7, 2023. <https://www.cbsnews.com/news/el-paso-migrant-arrest-border-agent-on-video/>.

— Ramirez, Cindy. “Tensions Rise, Hope Falls: Border Patrol Detains Migrants near Sacred Heart.” El Paso Matters, January 4, 2023. <http://elpasomatters.org/2023/01/04/border-patrol-detains-migrants-near-south-el-paso-texas-church/>.

— Ainsley, Julia. “Video Shows Border Agents Arresting Migrants Sleeping by Church Shelter.” NBC News, January 7, 2023. <https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/immigration/video-border-agents-police-arrest-migrants-church-shelter-rcna64718>.

Sector(s): El Paso

Agency(ies): Border Patrol

Event Type(s): Use of Force

Last Known Accountability Status: Under OPR Investigation

Victim Classification: Single Adult